Cheung Kwok-wing—Hong Kong (Cantonese-speaking), romanization of Cantonese pronunciation of Chinese characters. Manchurian or Mongolian), and are becoming exceedingly rare to find, but are still in use today.

Credit is due under the terms of this license that can reference both the New World Encyclopedia contributors and the selfless volunteer contributors of the Wikimedia Foundation. An example is Di, Marquis of Ouyangting, whose descendants took the surname Ouyang. [2] Other data suggests that the top 50 names comprise 70 percent of the population. The best example is Hu (胡), which originally referred to all "barbarian" groups on the northern frontier of China. There are 500 or 600 examples, 200 of which are two-character surnames. ), only the royal family and the aristocratic elite in China used surnames. Later, during the Han Dynasty, these tables were used by prominent families to glorify themselves and sometimes even to legitimize their political power.

Those from Taiwan use Wade-Giles romanization. This is explained by the fact that Hong Kong uses traditional Chinese characters, not simplified Chinese characters.

A Chinese compound surname is a Chinese surname using more than one character.Many of these compound surnames derive from Zhou dynasty Chinese noble and official titles, professions, place names and other areas, to serve a purpose. Name of a fief or place of origin. (listed alphabetically by their Mandarin pinyin spellings), The Ten-Thousand Families of Surnames from Netor (NETOR纪念:万家姓氏) (in simplified Chinese only), https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chinese_compound_surname&oldid=985597350, Articles containing Chinese-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, "Dukes' descendants", an address of the noble descendants in the, Intermarriage between Lu and Fei (Bi) clans, "Grand Historian", an imperial official title, "famous person", descendants of Shaozheng Mao (少正卯), "West Gate", place of residence, from Marquessate of Zheng in the, The (personal) name of the Yellow Emperor, This page was last edited on 26 October 2020, at 20:53. For more parenting tips and tricks, find us on Pinterest: Are you a writer, expert, or influencer? The first round of simplification in 1956 simplified 蕭 into 萧, keeping 蕭, /萧 and 肖 distinct. From Chinese 白 meaning "white, pure", 百 meaning "one hundred, many" or 柏 meaning "cypress tree, cedar" (which is usually only masculine). Chinese surnames today. Nobles would use their surnames to trace their ancestries and compete for seniority in terms of hereditary rank. Seniority within the family: In ancient usage, the characters of, Occupation: These could arise from official positions, such as Sima (司马/司馬), originally "Minister of War; or from more lowly occupations, such as Tao (陶), meaning "potter" or Wu (巫), meaning "shaman.". When no official romanization exists, translators often will use the transliteration that best fits with the locale where the person originated. State name: Many commoners took the name of their state, either to show their continuing allegiance or as a matter of national and ethnic identity. Bǎi jiā xìng (百家姓) is also used to call the list of one hundred most common surnames.

The colloquial expressions lao bai xing (老百姓; lit. The names of fiefdoms granted to collateral branches of the aristocracy naturally became incorporated in sub-surnames. After the Song Dynasty, surname distributions in China largely settled down. If the English spelling of your last name is different from that of the table, please send us a note and we will add that to our table. During the Song Dynasty, ordinary clans began to organize themselves into corporate units and produce genealogies. If you don't find your last name, please send us a note also, so that we will try to find the origin of your Chinese last name and add it to our web. A nobleman would hold a shi and a xing surname indicating his ancestor and his sub-lineage. Many early last names contain the character for woman.

During this period a large number of genealogical records called pudie (Simplified Chinese: 谱牒; Traditional Chinese: 譜牒; pinyin: pǔdié) were compiled to trace the complex descent lines of clans and their marriage ties to other clans. eval(ez_write_tag([[336,280],'newworldencyclopedia_org-medrectangle-4','ezslot_2',162,'0','0'])); Xing were surnames held by the immediate royal family.

The Kwong family, for example, migrated from the capital in the north and settled in Guangdong after the revolts of the Song Dynasty. Originally, the surname 蕭 (Xiao) was rather common while the surname 肖 (Xiao) was extremely rare, if not non-existent (it is mentioned only sporadically in historical texts). Chinese surnames with more than two characters are mostly not of ethnic Chinese origin (e.g. Because of their association with the aristocratic elite in their early development, surnames were often employed as symbols of nobility. Examples of early genealogies among the royalty can be found in Sima Qian's Historical Records, which contain tables recording the descent lines of noble houses called shibiao (Chinese: 世表; pinyin: shìbiǎo). When the Western name and Chinese name are put together, it often becomes hard to tell what the family name is. A large number of these were collected by Ouyang Xiu in his New History of Tang. Surname identity and solidarity has declined markedly since the 1930s with the decline of Confucianism and later, the rise of Communism in Mainland China. They established schools to educate their sons and held common lands to aid disadvantaged families. Royal decree by the Emperor, such as Kwong (鄺). See also about Chinese names. Transliteration of Chinese family names into foreign languages poses a number of problems. In northern China, Wang (王) is the most common surname, being shared by 9.9 percent of the population. In the south, Chen (陈/陳) is the most common, being shared by 10.6 percent of the population. This article abides by terms of the Creative Commons CC-by-sa 3.0 License (CC-by-sa), which may be used and disseminated with proper attribution. (In cases of adoption, the adoptee usually also takes the same surname.) A 1987 study showed over 450 family names in common use in Beijing, but there were fewer than 300 family names in Fujian.[1]. By the Song Dynasty (AD 960–1279), major family names were listed in the ancient poem Baijiaxing or Hundred Surnames. Some are originally from non-Chinese tribes that lived in ancient China, while others were created by joining two one-character family names. The younger generation from Singapore predominantly have their surnames in dialect and names in pinyin. Leslie Kwok-wing Cheung—United States among others, the Chinese given name 'Kwok-wing' is used as a middle name.

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