From the German viewpoint, the existence of the liberal bloc allows Germany to play-off free-market Britain against dirigiste France, and that if Britain were to leave, the liberal bloc would be severely weakened, thereby allowing the French to take the EU into a much more dirigiste direction that would be unattractive from the standpoint of Berlin. What happened to the share price when the stock market opened?

"[267], The EU had offered David Cameron a so-called "emergency brake" which would have allowed the UK to withhold social benefits to new immigrants for the first four years after they arrived; this brake could have been applied for a period of seven years. However, the National Police Chiefs Council Lead for Hate Crime, Assistant Chief Constable Mark Hamilton, said: "This should not be read as a national increase in hate crime of 57% but an increase in reporting through one mechanism".

Voting took place from 0700 BST (WEST) until 2200 BST (Same hours CEST in Gibraltar) in 41,000 polling stations across 382 voting areas, with each polling station limited to a maximum of 2,500 voters.

Voting System and Constituencies Act, Post-Brexit United Kingdom relations with the European Union, Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000, A referendum on continued membership of the Common Market, Accession of the United Kingdom to the European Communities, first ever national referendum on continuing membership, United Kingdom renegotiation of European Union membership, 2015–16, European Union (Referendum) Act 2016 (Gibraltar), The UK does not have constitutional provisions which would require the results of a referendum to be implemented, Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011, Kingston upon Thames London Borough Council, Campaigning in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Endorsements in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Opinion polling for the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum § Business leaders, United States Ambassador to the United Kingdom, Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership, economic analysis of EU law and regulation, Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry, Opinion polling for the United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Issues in the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Results of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, International reactions to the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Aftermath of the 2016 United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, Conservative Party leadership election, 2016, 2016 Labour Party leadership election (UK), Unlawful campaigning in the 2016 EU referendum, Russian interference in the 2016 Brexit referendum, Public Administration and Constitutional Affairs Select Committee, Digital, Culture, Media and Sport Committee, Acts of Parliament of the United Kingdom relating to the European Communities and the European Union, 1982 Greenlandic European Communities membership referendum, Opinion polling on the United Kingdom's membership of the European Union (2016–present), Proposed referendum on the Brexit withdrawal agreement, Referendums related to the European Union, private prosecution was launched against Boris Johnson for misconduct in public office, "United Kingdom population mid-year estimate", "Cameron says no second EU referendum if result is close", "Brexit: All you need to know about the UK leaving the EU", "PM agrees to Brexit extension – but urges election", "True stories of the 1975 EEC Referendum", "Gisela Stuart to Chair Vote Leave campaign – Vote Leave", "Scotland to campaign officially to remain in the EU", "Green party 'loud and proud' about backing Britain in Europe", "Major coach tour to crusade for Brexit – UKIP", "Conservative Party to stay neutral during EU referendum", "Two-thirds of Tory MPs want Britain to quit European Union", "EU vote: Where the cabinet and other MPs stand", "Britain and the EU: A long and rocky relationship", "David Cameron: We need to be clear about the best way of getting what is best for Britain", "Fateful O'Hare Airport pizza meeting sealed Brexit vote deal: British media", "David Cameron Pledges EU Referendum if Conservatives Win Next Election", "David Cameron: EU referendum bill shows only Tories listen", "European Union (Referendum) Bill (HC Bill 11)", "EU referendum: Tory MP will take forward bill", "EU referendum bill likely after Bob Neill comes third in backbench ballot", "Conservative law on EU referendum raises 'serious' possibilty [sic] of exit, says MP", "MPs debate Bob Neill's Bill for EU membership referendum", "European Union (Referendum) Bill 2014–15 – UK Parliament", "Ukip and Front National lead populist earthquake", "Miliband: EU poll is 'clear and present danger' to jobs", "Liberal Democrats Hint Cameron's EU Referendum Plan Negotiable", "Yes to an EU Referendum: Green MP Calls for Chance to Build a Better Europe", "David Cameron: my seven targets for a new EU", "The four key points from David Cameron's EU letter", "A new settlement for the United Kingdom in a reformed European Union", "Explaining the EU deal: an introduction", "Explaining the EU deal: the UK and the eurozone", "Explaining the EU deal: limiting residence rights for family members", "Explaining the EU deal: deporting EU immigrants", "Explaining the EU deal: is it legally binding?

On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union.

[237][238], Following David Cameron's announcement of an EU referendum, British think tank the Institute of Economic Affairs (IEA) announced in July 2013 a competition to find the best plan for a UK exit from the European Union, declaring that a departure is a "real possibility" after the 2015 general election. (graph). You are a euro-based portfolio manager and you have invested in the technology sector of the U.S. stock market. Below is a chart illustrating global trade patterns in 2018.

[83][84] In April, the Electoral Commission announced that Britain Stronger in Europe and Vote Leave were to be designated as the official remain and leave campaigns respectively. [147] Alan Sugar expressed similar concern.

Scenarios of the economic outlook for the country if it left the EU were generally negative.

The United Kingdom is a net importer, meaning the value of imports exceeds the value of exports.

Cameron claimed that "he could have avoided Brexit had European leaders let him control migration", according to the Financial Times. [168], When the London Stock Exchange opened on the morning of 24 June, the FTSE 100 fell from 6338.10 to 5806.13 in the first ten minutes of trading. [228], Michael Dougan, Professor of European Law and Jean Monnet Chair in EU Law at the University of Liverpool and a constitutional lawyer, described the Leave campaign as "one of the most dishonest political campaigns this country [the UK] has ever seen", for using arguments based on constitutional law that he said were readily demonstrable as false.[229]. The orange line shows the number of dollars it takes to buy one pound sterling. Surprise changes in interest rates, inflation, and trade. What step connects the upper right blue arrow to the lower left gray arrow? Their CEOs probably voted to remain in the E.U. [251][252][253][254][255] On the day of the referendum, the bookmaker Ladbrokes offered odds of 6/1 against the UK leaving the EU. The white line on the first chart below shows the dollar index, which is an index that measures the general international value of the dollar. ", "How did young people vote in the Brexit referendum? [347][348], Within hours of the result's announcement, a petition, calling for a second referendum to be held in the event that a result was secured with less than 60% of the vote and on a turnout of less than 75%, attracted tens of thousands of new signatures. [205], In October 2015, Chinese President Xi Jinping declared his support for Britain remaining in the EU, saying "China hopes to see a prosperous Europe and a united EU, and hopes Britain, as an important member of the EU, can play an even more positive and constructive role in promoting the deepening development of China-EU ties".

[259] The Office for Budget Responsibility also claimed that taxes from immigrants boost public funding. What exacerbating factor did Mexico's "Tequila Crisis" have in common with the Argentine crisis of 2002?

It was later criticised for overestimating the margin of the "Remain" vote,[258] when it became clear a few hours later that the UK had voted 51.9% to 48.1% in favour of leaving the European Union.

Samsung is based in South Korea and reports in South Korean won. However, Cameron has repeatedly said that he would follow the vote and the will of the people. [24], The draft legislation was taken forward as a Private Member's Bill by Conservative MP James Wharton which was known as the European Union (Referendum) Bill 2013.

"[230] Three-quarters of a sample of NHS leaders agreed that leaving the EU would have a negative effect on the NHS as a whole. Mr Farage continued: “We don’t know what’s going to happen but rumours over the last couple of days coming from Downing Street, that they could be prepared to settle for us staying aligned to EU rules. The EU's importance as a trading partner and the outcome of its trade status if it left was a disputed issue. [353] It attracted more than four million signatures, meaning it was considered for debate in Parliament;[354][355] Ghose noted a generally negative response to establishment figures with 29% of voters saying David Cameron made them more likely to vote leave whereas only 14% said he made them want to vote remain. Trendception: A master class in the use of spurious data to make bogus and self-referential political talking points unsupported by empirical evidence. While even on-the-day exit polls predicted a remain victory, when the actual results started rolling in, it became clear this was not the case, with bellwethers like Sunderland and Nuneaton voting to leave.

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